WEBSITE: TYPES OF BONE IN THE BODY: https://www.visiblebody.com/learn/skeleton/types-of-bones
TYPES OF SKELTETONS: Exoskeletons •External skeletal systems made up of chitin and calcium carbonate that provides protection to creatures such as insects and crustacea Endoskeletons •Internal skeleton of an animal (vertebrates), which is comprised of bone and cartilage Skeletal System •The primary function is to form a solid framework of bones and connective tissues to support the body. •Protects the body tissues and internal organs •Anchors the skeletal muscles •The main organs are bones and joints. 5 Main Functions of the Skeletal System •Support and Protect – Supports the softer tissues, provides points of attachment for most skeletal muscles, and provides protection for many of the body’s internal organs •Movement – The skeleton works with the muscular system to allow for movement. •Production of Blood cells – Red bone marrow inside some larger bones produces blood cells as well as many other types of cells. •Storage – The interior of the bone can store minerals (calcium, phosphorus)and chemical energy (fatty acids). •Homeostasis – Bones are able to absorb or release calcium into the blood to maintain a stable environment in the body. Human Body’s Bones •The adult human skeleton is made up of 206 bones •Classified as •Long bones •Short bones •Irregular bones •Flat bones •Sesamoid bones Parts of the Skeletal System Two main divisions: •Appendicular – 126 bones of the appendages (arms and legs)and the girdles (shoulder and pelvic) that connect them with the axial skeleton and provide support and flexibility •Axial – 80 bones along the axis of the body, which protect the internal organs Bone Tissues •Compact bone – makes up the dense outer layer of bone •Spongy bone – found inside bones and is lighter and less dense than compact bone because it is porous •Bone marrow – soft connective tissue that produces blood cells, found inside the pores of spongy bone •Periosteum – tough, fibrous membrane that covers and protects the outer surface of bone Joints Holds the skeleton together and supports movement Classified by: 1.Function – range of motion (synovial) 2.Structure – material that holds the bones and joints together The skeletal system and muscular system work in conjunction to allow our body to move. •Muscles are attached to bones with tendons and ligaments. •When the muscle is contracted, the skeletal system can move. Connective Tissue Dense layered collagen fibers Ligaments •Attach bone to bone (A) Tendons •Attach muscle to bone (B) Diseases of the Skeletal System •Osteoporosis – loss of bone tissue particularly in elderly (A) •Osteomalacia – softening of bones associated with vit. D deficiency (B) •Arthritis – inflammatory disease that damages joints and surrounding tissue (C) •Scoliosis – side to side curve in the spine, becomes evident during adolescence •Bone cancers – 1% of all cancers are found in the bone •Breaks, strains, and fractures – takes 10 -6 lbs. of pressure to break an average bone Comments are closed.
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Erik E. Mason
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